Recent concerns about seafood-related illnesses have raised an important question:

Is it food poisoning? Allergy? Or something else?

Seafood is one of the most nutritious foods available — rich in protein, omega-3 fatty acids and essential minerals. But for some individuals, it can also trigger serious health reactions.

Let’s break down the science.

What is Seafood Allergy?

Seafood allergy occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly identifies certain proteins in fish or shellfish as harmful invaders.

Instead of tolerating them, the immune system releases chemicals like histamine — causing symptoms such as:

• Itching or skin rashes
• Swelling of lips or face
• Vomiting or diarrhoea
• Breathing difficulty
• Drop in blood pressure (in severe cases)

Shellfish such as prawns, crab, lobster (Crustaceans) are among the most common triggers.

In severe cases, this can lead to anaphylaxis, a life-threatening emergency.

Scombroid Fish Poisoning (Histamine Toxicity)

Not all reactions are true allergies.

Sometimes, fish that is improperly stored develops high levels of histamine due to bacterial activity. When consumed, it produces symptoms that resemble allergy:

• Flushing of face
• Headache
• Palpitations
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhoea

This condition is called Scombroid Fish Poisoning.

Important fact: Cooking does NOT destroy histamine once formed.

This is why proper refrigeration and handling are critical.

Pseudo-Allergy: The Hidden Culprit

Sometimes, the reaction is not to seafood itself but to:

• Artificial food colours
• Taste enhancers
• Preservatives
• Chemical additives

These can cause allergy-like reactions without involving the immune system.

Why Do Some People Get Sick and Others Don’t?

• Individual immune sensitivity differs
• Age and health status matter
• Quantity consumed matters
• Freshness and storage conditions matter

Seafood Reactions in Children: A Special Concern

Children are not just “small adults” when it comes to food reactions. Their immune systems are still developing, and their bodies respond differently to toxins and allergens.

Here’s why seafood reactions can be more dangerous in children:

Immature Immune Response

Children may experience exaggerated allergic responses because their immune system is still learning to distinguish between harmless and harmful proteins.

Faster Dehydration

In cases of vomiting or diarrhoea from food poisoning, children lose fluids much faster than adults. Severe dehydration can develop within hours.

Communication Gap

Young children may not clearly describe symptoms like throat tightness, chest discomfort, or dizziness. Early warning signs can be missed.

First-Time Reactions Can Be Severe

Seafood allergy can appear suddenly, even if a child has previously eaten fish without problems. The first noticeable allergic episode may be intense.

School & Travel Risk

During vacations, school trips, or restaurant visits, cross-contamination is common. Parents must clearly inform food handlers if a child has a seafood allergy.

Red Flags in Children

Seek urgent medical care if a child develops:

• Persistent vomiting
• Swelling of lips or eyelids
• Hoarse voice or breathing difficulty
• Unusual sleepiness
• Pale or clammy skin
• Continuous abdominal pain

Prevention Tips for Parents

Introduce seafood gradually after pediatric consultation (especially in allergic families)
Avoid street-side seafood for young children
Always check freshness and storage
Carry antihistamines if advised by a pediatrician
In known allergy cases, keep an emergency action plan

Warning Signs – Seek Immediate Medical Help If:

• Difficulty breathing
• Swelling of throat
• Severe vomiting
• Sudden drop in blood pressure
• Persistent symptoms after seafood intake

Safety Tips for Seafood Consumption

Avoid stale or improperly stored seafood
Ensure proper cooking
Buy from reliable sources
Refrigerate immediately
If allergic, clearly communicate “No Seafood”
Be extra cautious with children and elderly
Seek early treatment if symptoms appear

Seafood is healthy — but only when handled safely and consumed responsibly.

Understanding the difference between true allergy, histamine poisoning, and pseudo-allergy can save lives.

At Nellikka.life, we believe awareness is prevention.